Monday, 30 April 2012

Sql coommand step by step


S.No.
SQL Statement
Syntax
1.      
AND / OR
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
AND|OR condition
2.      
ALTER TABLE
ALTER TABLE table_name
ADD column_name datatype
Or
ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP COLUMN column_name
3.      
AS (alias)
SELECT column_name AS column_alias
FROM table_name
Or
SELECT column_name
FROM table_name  AS table_alias
4.      
BETWEEN
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name
BETWEEN value1 AND value2
5.      
CREATE DATABASE
CREATE DATABASE database_name
6.      
CREATE TABLE
CREATE TABLE table_name
(
column_name1 data_type,
column_name2 data_type,
column_name2 data_type,
...
)
7.      
CREATE INDEX
CREATE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name)
Or
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name)
8.      
CREATE VIEW
CREATE VIEW view_name AS
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
9.      
DELETE
DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE some_column=some_value
Or
DELETE FROM table_name
(Note: Deletes the entire table!!)
DELETE * FROM table_name
(Note: Deletes the entire table!!)
10.                         
DROP DATABASE
DROP DATABASE database_name
11.                         
DROP INDEX
DROP INDEX table_name.index_name (SQL Server)
DROP INDEX index_name ON table_name (MS Access)
DROP INDEX index_name (DB2/Oracle)
ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP INDEX index_name (MySQL)
12.                         
DROP TABLE
DROP TABLE table_name
13.                         
GROUP BY
SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name
14.                         
HAVING
SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING aggregate_function(column_name) operator value
15.                         
IN
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name
IN (value1,value2,..)
16.                         
INSERT INTO
INSERT INTO table_name
VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....)
Or
INSERT INTO table_name
(column1, column2, column3,...)
VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....)
17.                         
INNER JOIN
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
INNER JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
18.                         
LEFT JOIN
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
LEFT JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
19.                         
RIGHT JOIN
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
RIGHT JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
20.                         
FULL JOIN
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
FULL JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
21.                         
LIKE
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name LIKE pattern
22.                         
ORDER BY
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
ORDER BY column_name [ASC|DESC]
23.                         
SELECT
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
24.                         
SELECT *
SELECT *
FROM table_name
25.                         
SELECT DISTINCT
SELECT DISTINCT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
26.                         
SELECT INTO
SELECT *
INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]
FROM old_table_name
Or
SELECT column_name(s)
INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]
FROM old_table_name
27.                         
SELECT TOP
SELECT TOP number|percent column_name(s)
FROM table_name
28.                         
TRUNCATE TABLE
TRUNCATE TABLE table_name
29.                         
UNION
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2
30.                         
UNION ALL
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION ALL
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2
31.                         
UPDATE
UPDATE table_name
SET column1=value, column2=value,...
WHERE some_column=some_value
32.                         
WHERE
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value

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